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class="ic i-angle-right"></i> <span itemprop="itemListElement" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/ListItem"><a href="/categories/Linux/" itemprop="item" rel="index" title="分类于 Linux"><span itemprop="name">Linux</span></a><meta itemprop="position" content="1"></span><i class="ic i-angle-right"></i> <span itemprop="itemListElement" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/ListItem"><a href="/categories/Linux/%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1/" itemprop="item" rel="index" title="分类于 服务"><span itemprop="name">服务</span></a><meta itemprop="position" content="2"></span><i class="ic i-angle-right"></i> <span class="current" itemprop="itemListElement" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/ListItem"><a href="/categories/Linux/%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1/Nginx/" itemprop="item" rel="index" title="分类于 Nginx"><span itemprop="name">Nginx</span></a><meta itemprop="position" content="3"></span></div><article itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Article" class="post block" lang="zh-CN"><link itemprop="mainEntityOfPage" href="https://hitoli.com/2022/11/08/Nginx%E9%85%8D%E7%BD%AE-%E5%8F%8D%E5%90%91%E4%BB%A3%E7%90%86/"><span hidden itemprop="author" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"><meta itemprop="image" content="/images/avatar.jpg"><meta itemprop="name" content="Hito Li"><meta itemprop="description" content="天下事有难易乎？为之，则难者亦易矣, 天生我材必有用"></span><span hidden itemprop="publisher" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Organization"><meta itemprop="name" content="涛声依旧"></span><div class="body md" itemprop="articleBody"><h4 id="引言"><a class="anchor" href="#引言">#</a> 引言</h4><ul><li>所有配置方法和介绍均来至于网络搜索汇总，主要用于方便后期巩固学习。</li></ul><h4 id="何为反向代理"><a class="anchor" href="#何为反向代理">#</a> 何为反向代理</h4><ul><li>在介绍反向代理之前，先来了解一下正向代理。</li></ul><p><span class="blue">正向代理：</span>如果把局域网外的 Internet 想象成一个巨大的资源库，则局域网中的客户端要访问 Internet，则需要通过代理服务器来访问，这种代理服务就称为正向代理，下面是正向代理的原理图。<br><img data-src="https://nas.hitoli.com:18014/images/2022/11/08/991a203be1ec82b36e1f326376617d40.png" alt="991a203be1ec82b36e1f326376617d40.png"><br><span class="blue">反向代理：</span>看下面原理图，就一目了然。其实客户端对代理是无感知的，因为客户端不需要任何配置就可以访问，我们只需要将请求发送到反向代理服务器，由反向代理服务器去选择目标服务器获取数据后，在返回给客户端，此时反向代理服务器和目标服务器对外就是一个服务器，暴露的是代理服务器地址，隐藏了真实服务器 IP 地址。<br><img data-src="https://nas.hitoli.com:18014/images/2022/11/08/1c87e386a0ce624a3949bda443cf346d.png" alt="1c87e386a0ce624a3949bda443cf346d.png"></p><blockquote><p>正向代理和反向代理的区别，一句话就是：如果我们客户端自己用，就是正向代理。如果是在服务器用，用户无感知，就是反向代理。</p></blockquote><h4 id="nginx配置文件"><a class="anchor" href="#nginx配置文件">#</a> Nginx 配置文件</h4><ul><li><p>在学习 Nginx 之前，要熟知它的配置文件，毕竟，下面需要做的所有配置（反向代理、负载均衡、动静分离等），都是基于它的配置文件。</p></li><li><p>Nginx 默认的配置文件是在安装目录下的 conf 目录下，后续对 Nginx 的使用基本上都是对此配置文件进行相应的修改。完整的配置文件，可以看一下文章最后。修改过 nginx.conf 配置文件，记得要<span class="label success">✔️重启 Nginx 服务</span>（☆☆☆☆☆）</p></li><li><p>配置文件中有很多 #号，该符号表示注释内容，去掉所有以 #开头的段落，精简之后的配置文件内容如下（PS：其实注释掉的地方，都是一些功能的使用代码，需要用到的时候，取消注释即可）：</p></li></ul><figure class="highlight yaml"><figcaption data-lang="YAML"></figcaption><table><tr><td data-num="1"></td><td><pre><span class="token comment"># 主进程叫 master，负责管理子进程，子进程叫 worker</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="2"></td><td><pre><span class="token comment"># worker_processes 配置项表示开启几个业务进程，一般和 cpu 核数有关</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="3"></td><td><pre>worker_processes 1;</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="4"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="5"></td><td><pre>events <span class="token punctuation">&#123;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="6"></td><td><pre> worker_connections 1024;</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="7"></td><td><pre><span class="token punctuation">&#125;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="8"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="9"></td><td><pre>http <span class="token punctuation">&#123;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="10"></td><td><pre> <span class="token comment"># include 表示可以引入其他文件，此处表示引入 http mime 类型</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="11"></td><td><pre> include mime.types;</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="12"></td><td><pre> default_type application/octet<span class="token punctuation">-</span>stream;</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="13"></td><td><pre> sendfile on;</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="14"></td><td><pre> keepalive_timeout 65;</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="15"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="16"></td><td><pre> <span class="token comment"># 虚拟主机，可以配置多个</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="17"></td><td><pre> server <span class="token punctuation">&#123;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="18"></td><td><pre> listen 80;</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="19"></td><td><pre> server_name localhost;</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="20"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="21"></td><td><pre> location / <span class="token punctuation">&#123;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="22"></td><td><pre> <span class="token comment"># 路径匹配之后，哪个目录下去匹配相应的网页，html 是相对路径</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="23"></td><td><pre> root html;</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="24"></td><td><pre> index index.html index.htm;</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="25"></td><td><pre> <span class="token punctuation">&#125;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="26"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="27"></td><td><pre> error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="28"></td><td><pre> location = /50x.html <span class="token punctuation">&#123;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="29"></td><td><pre> root html;</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="30"></td><td><pre> <span class="token punctuation">&#125;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="31"></td><td><pre> <span class="token punctuation">&#125;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="32"></td><td><pre><span class="token punctuation">&#125;</span></pre></td></tr></table></figure><blockquote><p>去掉注释信息后，可以将 nginx.conf 配置文件分为三部分：</p></blockquote><ol><li>全局块</li></ol><figure class="highlight yaml"><figcaption data-lang="YAML"></figcaption><table><tr><td data-num="1"></td><td><pre>worker_processes 1;</pre></td></tr></table></figure><ul><li><p>从配置文件开始到 events 块之间的内容，主要会设置一些影响 Nginx 服务器整体运行的配置指令，主要包括：配置运行 Nginx 服务器的用户（组）、允许生成的 worker process 数，进程 PID 存放路径、日志存放路径和类型以及配置文件的引入等。</p></li><li><p>上面这行 worker_processes 配置，是 Nginx 服务器并发处理服务的关键配置，该值越大，可以支持的并发处理量也越多，但是会受到硬件、软件等设备的约束。</p></li></ul><ol start="2"><li>events 块</li></ol><figure class="highlight yaml"><figcaption data-lang="YAML"></figcaption><table><tr><td data-num="1"></td><td><pre>events <span class="token punctuation">&#123;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="2"></td><td><pre> worker_connections 1024;</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="3"></td><td><pre><span class="token punctuation">&#125;</span></pre></td></tr></table></figure><ul><li>events 块涉及的指令主要影响 Nginx 服务器与用户的网络连接，常用的设置包括：是否开启对多 work process 下的网络连接进行序列化，是否允许同时接收多个网络连接，选取哪种事件驱动模型来处理连接请求，每个 work process 可以同时支持的最大连接数等</li></ul><blockquote><p>上述例子就表示每个 work process 支持的最大连接数为 1024。这部分的配置对 Nginx 的性能影响较大，在实际中应该灵活配置。</p></blockquote><ol start="3"><li>http 块</li></ol><figure class="highlight yaml"><figcaption data-lang="YAML"></figcaption><table><tr><td data-num="1"></td><td><pre>http <span class="token punctuation">&#123;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="2"></td><td><pre> include mime.types;</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="3"></td><td><pre> default_type application/octet<span class="token punctuation">-</span>stream;</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="4"></td><td><pre> sendfile on;</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="5"></td><td><pre> keepalive_timeout 65;</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="6"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="7"></td><td><pre> server <span class="token punctuation">&#123;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="8"></td><td><pre> listen 80;</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="9"></td><td><pre> server_name localhost;</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="10"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="11"></td><td><pre> location / <span class="token punctuation">&#123;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="12"></td><td><pre> root html;</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="13"></td><td><pre> index index.html index.htm;</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="14"></td><td><pre> <span class="token punctuation">&#125;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="15"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="16"></td><td><pre> error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="17"></td><td><pre> location = /50x.html <span class="token punctuation">&#123;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="18"></td><td><pre> root html;</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="19"></td><td><pre> <span class="token punctuation">&#125;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="20"></td><td><pre><span class="token punctuation">&#125;</span></pre></td></tr></table></figure><ul><li>这部分是 Nginx 服务器配置中最频繁的部分，代理、缓存和日志定义等绝大多数功能和第三方模块的配置都在这里。需要注意的是：http 块也可以包括 http 全局块、server 块。下面的反向代理、<a href="https://hitoli.com/2022/09/27/nginx%E8%B4%9F%E8%BD%BD%E5%9D%87%E8%A1%A1%E9%85%8D%E7%BD%AE/">动静分离、负载均衡</a>都是在这部分中配置</li></ul><p><span class="blue">http 全局块：</span>http 全局块配置的指令包括：文件引入、MIME-TYPE 定义、日志自定义、连接超时时间、单链接请求数上限等。</p><p><span class="blue">server 块：</span>这块和虚拟主机有密切关系，从用户角度看，虚拟主机和一台独立的硬件主机是完全一样的，该技术的产生是为了节省互联网服务器硬件成本。</p><p><span class="blue">location 块：</span>这块的主要作用是：基于 Nginx 服务器接收到的请求字符串（例如 server_name/uri-string），对虚拟主机名称（也可以是 IP 别名）之外的字符串（例如 前面的 /uri-string）进行匹配，对特定的请求进行处理。地址定向、数据缓存和应答控制等功能，还有许多第三方模块的配置也在这里进行。</p><div class="note info"><p>每个 http 块可以包括多个 server 块，而每个 server 块就相当于一个虚拟主机。而每个 server 块也分为全局 server 块，以及可以同时包含多个 locaton 块。（☆☆☆☆☆）</p></div><h4 id="反向代理配置"><a class="anchor" href="#反向代理配置">#</a> 反向代理配置</h4><ol><li>location 配置规则</li></ol><figure class="highlight yaml"><figcaption data-lang="YAML"></figcaption><table><tr><td data-num="1"></td><td><pre>location <span class="token punctuation">[</span> = <span class="token punctuation">|</span> ~ <span class="token punctuation">|</span> ~* <span class="token punctuation">|</span> ^~ <span class="token punctuation">|</span> @ <span class="token punctuation">]</span> /uri <span class="token punctuation">&#123;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="2"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="3"></td><td><pre><span class="token punctuation">&#125;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="4"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="5"></td><td><pre>= ：用于不含正则表达式的 uri 前，要求请求字符串与 uri 严格匹配，如果匹配成功，就停止继续向下搜索并立即处理该请求。</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="6"></td><td><pre>~ ：用于表示 uri 包含正则表达式，并且区分大小写。</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="7"></td><td><pre>~* ：用于表示 uri 包含正则表达式，并且不区分大小写。</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="8"></td><td><pre>^~ ：用于不含正则表达式的 uri 前，要求 Nginx 服务器找到标识 uri 和请求字符串匹配度最高的location后，立即使用此 location 处理请求，而不再使用 location 块中的正则 uri 和请求字符串做匹配。</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="9"></td><td><pre>@ <span class="token punctuation">:</span> "@" 定义一个命名的 location，使用在内部定向时，例如 error_page</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="10"></td><td><pre>/uri ：不带任何修饰符，也表示前缀匹配，但是在正则匹配之后，如果没有正则命中，命中最长的规则</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="11"></td><td><pre>/ ：通用匹配，任何未匹配到其它location的请求都会匹配到，相当于switch中的default</pre></td></tr></table></figure><p><span class="red">uri 没有 “/” 结尾时</span>，<ins class="wavy">location /abc/def 可以匹配 /abc/defghi 请求，也可以匹配 /abc/def/ghi 等</ins>。<br><span class="red">uri 有 “/” 结尾时</span>，<ins class="dot">location /abc/def/ 不能匹配 /abc/defghi 请求</ins>，<ins class="wavy">只能匹配 /abc/def/anything 这样的请求</ins>☆☆☆☆☆</p><ol start="2"><li>proxy_pass 配置规则</li></ol><p><span class="red">url 结尾加上了 /</span>，<ins class="wavy">相当于是绝对路径</ins>，<ins class="dot">则 Nginx 不会把 location 中匹配的路径部分加入代理 url</ins>。<br><span class="red">url 结尾不加 /</span>，<ins class="dot">Nginx 则会把匹配的路径部分加入代理 uri</ins>。</p><figure class="highlight yaml"><figcaption data-lang="YAML"></figcaption><table><tr><td data-num="1"></td><td><pre><span class="token key atrule">情景1</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="2"></td><td><pre>proxy_pass后有/ </pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="3"></td><td><pre>访问地址：http<span class="token punctuation">:</span>//localhost<span class="token punctuation">:</span>8081/WCP.Service/wcp/modeladapter/download/asc.shtml</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="4"></td><td><pre>最终代理：http<span class="token punctuation">:</span>//10.194.171.7<span class="token punctuation">:</span>13082/modeladapter/download/asc.shtml</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="5"></td><td><pre>location /WCP.Service/wcp/modeladapter/download/ <span class="token punctuation">&#123;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="6"></td><td><pre> proxy_pass http<span class="token punctuation">:</span>//10.194.171.7<span class="token punctuation">:</span>13082/modeladapter/download/;</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="7"></td><td><pre><span class="token punctuation">&#125;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="8"></td><td><pre>访问地址：http<span class="token punctuation">:</span>//localhost<span class="token punctuation">:</span>8081/model/asc.shtml</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="9"></td><td><pre>最终代理：http<span class="token punctuation">:</span>//127.0.0.1<span class="token punctuation">:</span>8082/model/asc.shtml</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="10"></td><td><pre>location /model/ <span class="token punctuation">&#123;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="11"></td><td><pre> proxy_pass http<span class="token punctuation">:</span>//127.0.0.1<span class="token punctuation">:</span>8082/model/;</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="12"></td><td><pre><span class="token punctuation">&#125;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="13"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="14"></td><td><pre><span class="token key atrule">情景2</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="15"></td><td><pre>proxy_pass后有/</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="16"></td><td><pre>访问地址：http<span class="token punctuation">:</span>//localhost<span class="token punctuation">:</span>8081/model/asc.shtml</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="17"></td><td><pre>最终代理：http<span class="token punctuation">:</span>//127.0.0.1<span class="token punctuation">:</span>8082/asc.shtml</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="18"></td><td><pre>location /model/ <span class="token punctuation">&#123;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="19"></td><td><pre> proxy_pass http<span class="token punctuation">:</span>//127.0.0.1<span class="token punctuation">:</span>8082/;</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="20"></td><td><pre><span class="token punctuation">&#125;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="21"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="22"></td><td><pre>情景3：</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="23"></td><td><pre>proxy_pass后没有/ </pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="24"></td><td><pre>访问地址：http<span class="token punctuation">:</span>//localhost<span class="token punctuation">:</span>8081/model/asc.shtml</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="25"></td><td><pre>最终代理：http<span class="token punctuation">:</span>//127.0.0.1<span class="token punctuation">:</span>8082/model/asc.shtml</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="26"></td><td><pre>location /model/ <span class="token punctuation">&#123;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="27"></td><td><pre> proxy_pass http<span class="token punctuation">:</span>//127.0.0.1<span class="token punctuation">:</span>8082;</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="28"></td><td><pre><span class="token punctuation">&#125;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="29"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="30"></td><td><pre>情景4</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="31"></td><td><pre>proxy_pass后没有/ </pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="32"></td><td><pre>访问地址：http<span class="token punctuation">:</span>//localhost<span class="token punctuation">:</span>8081/model/asc.shtml</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="33"></td><td><pre>最终代理：http<span class="token punctuation">:</span>//127.0.0.1<span class="token punctuation">:</span>8082/AAAmodel/asc.shtml</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="34"></td><td><pre>location /model/ <span class="token punctuation">&#123;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="35"></td><td><pre> proxy_pass http<span class="token punctuation">:</span>//127.0.0.1<span class="token punctuation">:</span>8082/AAA;</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="36"></td><td><pre><span class="token punctuation">&#125;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="37"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="38"></td><td><pre>情景5</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="39"></td><td><pre>proxy_pass后有/</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="40"></td><td><pre>访问地址：http<span class="token punctuation">:</span>//localhost<span class="token punctuation">:</span>8081/model/asc.shtml</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="41"></td><td><pre>最终代理：http<span class="token punctuation">:</span>//127.0.0.1<span class="token punctuation">:</span>8082/asc.shtml</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="42"></td><td><pre>location /model <span class="token punctuation">&#123;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="43"></td><td><pre> proxy_pass http<span class="token punctuation">:</span>//127.0.0.1<span class="token punctuation">:</span>8082/;</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="44"></td><td><pre><span class="token punctuation">&#125;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="45"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="46"></td><td><pre>情景6</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="47"></td><td><pre>proxy_pass后有/</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="48"></td><td><pre>访问地址：http<span class="token punctuation">:</span>//localhost<span class="token punctuation">:</span>8081/modelBBB/asc.shtml</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="49"></td><td><pre>最终代理：http<span class="token punctuation">:</span>//127.0.0.1<span class="token punctuation">:</span>8082/asc.shtml</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="50"></td><td><pre>location /model <span class="token punctuation">&#123;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="51"></td><td><pre> proxy_pass http<span class="token punctuation">:</span>//127.0.0.1<span class="token punctuation">:</span>8082/;</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="52"></td><td><pre><span class="token punctuation">&#125;</span></pre></td></tr></table></figure><h4 id="nginx完整配置文件"><a class="anchor" href="#nginx完整配置文件">#</a> Nginx 完整配置文件</h4><figure class="highlight yaml"><figcaption data-lang="YAML"></figcaption><table><tr><td data-num="1"></td><td><pre><span class="token comment">#user nobody;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="2"></td><td><pre>worker_processes 1;</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="3"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="4"></td><td><pre><span class="token comment">#error_log logs/error.log;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="5"></td><td><pre><span class="token comment">#error_log logs/error.log notice;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="6"></td><td><pre><span class="token comment">#error_log logs/error.log info;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="7"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="8"></td><td><pre><span class="token comment">#pid logs/nginx.pid;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="9"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="10"></td><td><pre>events <span class="token punctuation">&#123;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="11"></td><td><pre> worker_connections 1024;</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="12"></td><td><pre><span class="token punctuation">&#125;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="13"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="14"></td><td><pre>http <span class="token punctuation">&#123;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="15"></td><td><pre> include mime.types;</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="16"></td><td><pre> default_type application/octet<span class="token punctuation">-</span>stream;</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="17"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="18"></td><td><pre> <span class="token comment">#log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="19"></td><td><pre> <span class="token comment"># '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="20"></td><td><pre> <span class="token comment"># '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="21"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="22"></td><td><pre> <span class="token comment">#access_log logs/access.log main;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="23"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="24"></td><td><pre> sendfile on;</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="25"></td><td><pre> <span class="token comment">#tcp_nopush on;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="26"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="27"></td><td><pre> <span class="token comment">#keepalive_timeout 0;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="28"></td><td><pre> keepalive_timeout 65;</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="29"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="30"></td><td><pre> <span class="token comment">#gzip on;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="31"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="32"></td><td><pre> server <span class="token punctuation">&#123;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="33"></td><td><pre> listen 80;</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="34"></td><td><pre> server_name localhost;</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="35"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="36"></td><td><pre> <span class="token comment">#charset koi8-r;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="37"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="38"></td><td><pre> <span class="token comment">#access_log logs/host.access.log main;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="39"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="40"></td><td><pre> location / <span class="token punctuation">&#123;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="41"></td><td><pre> root html;</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="42"></td><td><pre> index index.html index.htm;</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="43"></td><td><pre> <span class="token punctuation">&#125;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="44"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="45"></td><td><pre> <span class="token comment">#error_page 404 /404.html;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="46"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="47"></td><td><pre> <span class="token comment"># redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="48"></td><td><pre> <span class="token comment">#</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="49"></td><td><pre> error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="50"></td><td><pre> location = /50x.html <span class="token punctuation">&#123;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="51"></td><td><pre> root html;</pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="52"></td><td><pre> <span class="token punctuation">&#125;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="53"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="54"></td><td><pre> <span class="token comment"># proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="55"></td><td><pre> <span class="token comment">#</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="56"></td><td><pre> <span class="token comment">#location ~ \.php$ &#123;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="57"></td><td><pre> <span class="token comment"># proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="58"></td><td><pre> <span class="token comment">#&#125;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="59"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="60"></td><td><pre> <span class="token comment"># pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="61"></td><td><pre> <span class="token comment">#</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="62"></td><td><pre> <span class="token comment">#location ~ \.php$ &#123;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="63"></td><td><pre> <span class="token comment"># root html;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="64"></td><td><pre> <span class="token comment"># fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="65"></td><td><pre> <span class="token comment"># fastcgi_index index.php;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="66"></td><td><pre> <span class="token comment"># fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="67"></td><td><pre> <span class="token comment"># include fastcgi_params;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="68"></td><td><pre> <span class="token comment">#&#125;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="69"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="70"></td><td><pre> <span class="token comment"># deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="71"></td><td><pre> <span class="token comment"># concurs with nginx's one</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="72"></td><td><pre> <span class="token comment">#</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="73"></td><td><pre> <span class="token comment">#location ~ /\.ht &#123;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="74"></td><td><pre> <span class="token comment"># deny all;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="75"></td><td><pre> <span class="token comment">#&#125;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="76"></td><td><pre> <span class="token punctuation">&#125;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="77"></td><td><pre> <span class="token comment"># another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="78"></td><td><pre> <span class="token comment">#</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="79"></td><td><pre> <span class="token comment">#server &#123;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="80"></td><td><pre> <span class="token comment"># listen 8000;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="81"></td><td><pre> <span class="token comment"># listen somename:8080;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="82"></td><td><pre> <span class="token comment"># server_name somename alias another.alias;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="83"></td><td><pre> <span class="token comment"># location / &#123;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="84"></td><td><pre> <span class="token comment"># root html;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="85"></td><td><pre> <span class="token comment"># index index.html index.htm;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="86"></td><td><pre> <span class="token comment"># &#125;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="87"></td><td><pre> <span class="token comment">#&#125;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="88"></td><td><pre> <span class="token comment"># HTTPS server</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="89"></td><td><pre> <span class="token comment">#</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="90"></td><td><pre> <span class="token comment">#server &#123;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="91"></td><td><pre> <span class="token comment"># listen 443 ssl;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="92"></td><td><pre> <span class="token comment"># server_name localhost;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="93"></td><td><pre> <span class="token comment"># ssl_certificate cert.pem;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="94"></td><td><pre> <span class="token comment"># ssl_certificate_key cert.key;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="95"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="96"></td><td><pre> <span class="token comment"># ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:1m;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="97"></td><td><pre> <span class="token comment"># ssl_session_timeout 5m;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="98"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="99"></td><td><pre> <span class="token comment"># ssl_ciphers HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="100"></td><td><pre> <span class="token comment"># ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="101"></td><td><pre></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="102"></td><td><pre> <span class="token comment"># location / &#123;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="103"></td><td><pre> <span class="token comment"># root html;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="104"></td><td><pre> <span class="token comment"># index index.html index.htm;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="105"></td><td><pre> <span class="token comment"># &#125;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="106"></td><td><pre> <span class="token comment">#&#125;</span></pre></td></tr><tr><td data-num="107"></td><td><pre><span class="token punctuation">&#125;</span></pre></td></tr></table></figure><div class="tags"><a href="/tags/Nginx/" rel="tag"><i class="ic i-tag"></i> Nginx</a> <a href="/tags/%E5%8F%8D%E5%90%91%E4%BB%A3%E7%90%86/" rel="tag"><i class="ic i-tag"></i> 反向代理</a></div></div><footer><div class="meta"><span class="item"><span class="icon"><i class="ic i-calendar-check"></i> </span><span class="text">更新于</span> <time title="修改时间：2023-03-05 13:37:47" itemprop="dateModified" datetime="2023-03-05T13:37:47+08:00">2023-03-05</time> </span><span id="2022/11/08/Nginx配置-反向代理/" class="item leancloud_visitors" data-flag-title="Nginx 配置 - 反向代理" title="阅读次数"><span class="icon"><i class="ic i-eye"></i> </span><span class="text">阅读次数</span> <span class="leancloud-visitors-count"></span> <span class="text">次</span></span></div><div class="reward"><button><i class="ic i-heartbeat"></i> 赞赏</button><p>请我喝[茶]~(￣▽￣)~*</p><div id="qr"><div><img data-src="/images/wechatpay.png" alt="Hito Li 微信支付"><p>微信支付</p></div><div><img data-src="/images/alipay.png" alt="Hito Li 支付宝"><p>支付宝</p></div></div></div><div id="copyright"><ul><li class="author"><strong>本文作者： </strong>Hito Li <i class="ic i-at"><em>@</em></i>涛声依旧</li><li 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