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content="天下事有难易乎？为之，则难者亦易矣, 天生我材必有用"></span><span hidden itemprop="publisher" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Organization"><meta itemprop="name" content="涛声依旧"></span><div class="body md" itemprop="articleBody"><h4 id="简介"><a class="anchor" href="#简介">#</a> 简介</h4><blockquote><p>在项目中经常有一些类型字段用数字或者字母保存，但是前端展示时，则需要转换为用户能够理解的文字。于是公司内有人写了一个公用的注解，利用 java 的反射机制，修改字段的值或者添加属性来实现字典转换。由于 java 是静态类型语言，类在编译时固定，所以无法动态添加属性。于是他的解决方法是先把对象转为 map 再添加属性，或者在定义对象时先预定义字典的属于名称。我在使用中发现如果转换为 map（也可能是拦截处理的时机不对）则会丢失字段上的其它注解，如 swagger 文档定义、时间格式化等等。预设字典属性名称毕竟又增加了一道工序，操作起来也比较繁琐。于是我就想到了在返回阶段利用 jackson 的序列化步骤来对属性进行字典转换。json 对象类似 map 都是键值对，不用担心增减属性的问题。序列化时其它注解也已经处理完成，不会造成影响。</p></blockquote><h4 id="实现细节"><a class="anchor" href="#实现细节">#</a> 实现细节</h4><h6 id="需要的jar"><a class="anchor" href="#需要的jar">#</a> 需要的 jar</h6><p></p><figure class="highlight java"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><!-- 版本根据需求调整 --></span><br><span class="line"><dependency></span><br><span class="line"> <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId></span><br><span class="line"> <artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId></span><br><span class="line"> <version><span class="number">2.15</span><span class="number">.2</span></version></span><br><span class="line"></dependency></span><br><span class="line"><dependency></span><br><span class="line"> <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId></span><br><span class="line"> <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId></span><br><span class="line"> <version><span class="number">2.15</span><span class="number">.2</span></version> </span><br><span class="line"></dependency></span><br><span class="line"><dependency></span><br><span class="line"> <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId></span><br><span class="line"> <artifactId>jackson-annotations</artifactId></span><br><span class="line"> <version><span class="number">2.15</span><span class="number">.2</span></version></span><br><span class="line"></dependency></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p></p><h6 id="定义注解"><a class="anchor" href="#定义注解">#</a> 定义注解</h6><p></p><figure class="highlight java"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br><span class="line">36</span><br><span class="line">37</span><br><span class="line">38</span><br><span class="line">39</span><br><span class="line">40</span><br><span class="line">41</span><br><span class="line">42</span><br><span class="line">43</span><br><span class="line">44</span><br><span class="line">45</span><br><span class="line">46</span><br><span class="line">47</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="keyword">enum</span> <span class="title class_">DicHandleStrategy</span> {</span><br><span class="line"> replace,</span><br><span class="line"> add;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">private</span> <span class="title function_">DicHandleStrategy</span><span class="params">()</span> {</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line">}</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JacksonAnnotationsInside;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.annotation.JsonSerialize;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> java.lang.annotation.ElementType;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> java.lang.annotation.Retention;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> java.lang.annotation.Target;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">@Target({ElementType.FIELD, ElementType.METHOD})</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">@JacksonAnnotationsInside</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">@JsonSerialize(using = JsonDicHandle.class)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="meta">@interface</span> JsonDicField {</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">/**</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * 业务表名</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * <span class="doctag">@return</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> */</span></span><br><span class="line"> String <span class="title function_">tableName</span><span class="params">()</span> <span class="keyword">default</span> <span class="string">""</span>;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">/**</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * 业务字段名</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * <span class="doctag">@return</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> */</span></span><br><span class="line"> String <span class="title function_">fieldName</span><span class="params">()</span> <span class="keyword">default</span> <span class="string">""</span>;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">/**</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * 默认增加一个对应属性名加_dic的新属性（如type_dic）* newFieldName为空的情况下</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * <span class="doctag">@return</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> */</span></span><br><span class="line"> DicHandleStrategy <span class="title function_">strategy</span><span class="params">()</span> <span class="keyword">default</span> DicHandleStrategy.add;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">/**</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * 字典属性名称（如不指定，并且strategy为add的情况下则字典名称默认为原属性加_dic）</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * <span class="doctag">@return</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> */</span></span><br><span class="line"> String <span class="title function_">newFieldName</span><span class="params">()</span> <span class="keyword">default</span> <span class="string">""</span>;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">}</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p></p><h6 id="注解处理"><a class="anchor" href="#注解处理">#</a> 注解处理</h6><p></p><figure class="highlight java"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br><span class="line">36</span><br><span class="line">37</span><br><span class="line">38</span><br><span class="line">39</span><br><span class="line">40</span><br><span class="line">41</span><br><span class="line">42</span><br><span class="line">43</span><br><span class="line">44</span><br><span class="line">45</span><br><span class="line">46</span><br><span class="line">47</span><br><span class="line">48</span><br><span class="line">49</span><br><span class="line">50</span><br><span 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class="line">142</span><br><span class="line">143</span><br><span class="line">144</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> org.springframework.beans.BeansException;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> org.springframework.context.ApplicationContextAware;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> java.util.Timer;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> java.util.TimerTask;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="title class_">SpringContextUtil</span> <span class="keyword">implements</span> <span class="title class_">ApplicationContextAware</span> {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">private</span> <span class="keyword">static</span> ApplicationContext applicationContext;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="keyword">void</span> <span class="title function_">setApplicationContext</span><span class="params">(ApplicationContext applicationContext)</span> <span class="keyword">throws</span> BeansException {</span><br><span class="line"> SpringContextUtil.applicationContext = applicationContext;</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="keyword">static</span> ApplicationContext <span class="title function_">getApplicationContext</span><span class="params">()</span> {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> applicationContext;</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="keyword">static</span> Object <span class="title function_">getBean</span><span class="params">(String name)</span> <span class="keyword">throws</span> BeansException {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> applicationContext.getBean(name);</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="keyword">static</span> Object <span class="title function_">getBean</span><span class="params">(String name, Class<?> requiredType)</span> <span class="keyword">throws</span> BeansException {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> applicationContext.getBean(name, requiredType);</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="keyword">static</span> Object <span class="title function_">getBean</span><span class="params">(Class<?> requiredType)</span> <span class="keyword">throws</span> BeansException {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> applicationContext.getBean(requiredType);</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="keyword">static</span> <span class="type">boolean</span> <span class="title function_">containsBean</span><span class="params">(String name)</span> {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> applicationContext.containsBean(name);</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="keyword">static</span> <span class="type">boolean</span> <span class="title function_">isSingleton</span><span class="params">(String name)</span> <span class="keyword">throws</span> NoSuchBeanDefinitionException {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> applicationContext.isSingleton(name);</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="keyword">static</span> Class<?> getType(String name) <span class="keyword">throws</span> NoSuchBeanDefinitionException {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> applicationContext.getType(name);</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="keyword">static</span> String[] getAliases(String name) <span class="keyword">throws</span> NoSuchBeanDefinitionException {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> applicationContext.getAliases(name);</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line">}</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> com.fasterxml.jackson.core.JsonGenerator;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.BeanProperty;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.JsonMappingException;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.JsonSerializer;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.SerializerProvider;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ser.ContextualSerializer;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> com.ys.szygl.util.SpringContextUtil;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> org.apache.commons.collections.CollectionUtils;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> org.apache.commons.collections.MapUtils;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> java.io.IOException;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> java.util.*;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> java.util.stream.Collectors;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="title class_">JsonDicHandle</span> <span class="keyword">extends</span> <span class="title class_">JsonSerializer</span><Object> <span class="keyword">implements</span> <span class="title class_">ContextualSerializer</span> {</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">final</span> <span class="type">String</span> <span class="variable">DIC_FIELD_SUFFIX</span> <span class="operator">=</span> <span class="string">"_dic"</span>;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="type">String</span> <span class="variable">tableName</span> <span class="operator">=</span> <span class="string">""</span>;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="type">String</span> <span class="variable">fieldName</span> <span class="operator">=</span> <span class="string">""</span>;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="type">DicHandleStrategy</span> <span class="variable">strategy</span> <span class="operator">=</span> DicHandleStrategy.add;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="type">String</span> <span class="variable">newFieldName</span> <span class="operator">=</span> <span class="string">""</span>;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="type">String</span> <span class="variable">propertyName</span> <span class="operator">=</span> <span class="string">""</span>;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">static</span> <span class="keyword">final</span> <span class="type">IDicService</span> <span class="variable">iDicService</span> <span class="operator">=</span> (IDicService)SpringContextUtil.getBean(IDicService.class);</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="title function_">JsonDicHandle</span><span class="params">()</span> {</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="title function_">JsonDicHandle</span><span class="params">(String tableName, String fieldName, DicHandleStrategy strategy, String newFieldName, String propertyName)</span> {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">this</span>.tableName = tableName;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">this</span>.fieldName = fieldName;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">this</span>.strategy = strategy;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">this</span>.newFieldName = newFieldName;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">this</span>.propertyName = propertyName;</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="meta">@Override</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="keyword">void</span> <span class="title function_">serialize</span><span class="params">(Object value, JsonGenerator gen, SerializerProvider serializers)</span> <span class="keyword">throws</span> IOException {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">if</span> (StringUtils.isBlank(<span class="built_in">this</span>.newFieldName) && StringUtils.isNotBlank(<span class="built_in">this</span>.propertyName)) {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">this</span>.newFieldName = <span class="built_in">this</span>.propertyName + DIC_FIELD_SUFFIX;</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="type">String</span> <span class="variable">dicValue</span> <span class="operator">=</span> <span class="literal">null</span>;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">if</span> (Objects.nonNull(value)) {</span><br><span class="line"> dicValue = <span class="built_in">this</span>.getDicValue(<span class="built_in">this</span>.tableName, <span class="built_in">this</span>.fieldName, String.valueOf(value));</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">if</span> (DicHandleStrategy.replace.name().equals(<span class="built_in">this</span>.strategy.name())) {</span><br><span class="line"> gen.writeObject(dicValue);</span><br><span class="line"> } <span class="keyword">else</span> {</span><br><span class="line"> gen.writeObject(value);</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"> } <span class="keyword">else</span> {</span><br><span class="line"> gen.writeObject(value);</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">if</span> (DicHandleStrategy.add.name().equals(<span class="built_in">this</span>.strategy.name()) && StringUtils.isNotBlank(<span class="built_in">this</span>.newFieldName)) {</span><br><span class="line"> gen.writeStringField(<span class="built_in">this</span>.newFieldName, dicValue);</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="meta">@Override</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">public</span> JsonSerializer<?> createContextual(SerializerProvider prov, BeanProperty property) <span class="keyword">throws</span> JsonMappingException {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="type">JsonDicField</span> <span class="variable">annotation</span> <span class="operator">=</span> property.getAnnotation(JsonDicField.class);</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">if</span> (Objects.nonNull(annotation)) {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="keyword">new</span> <span class="title class_">JsonDicHandle</span>(annotation.tableName(), annotation.fieldName(), annotation.strategy(),</span><br><span class="line"> annotation.newFieldName(), property.getName());</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="keyword">new</span> <span class="title class_">JsonDicHandle</span>();</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">/**</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * 把值转为字典值</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * <span class="doctag">@param</span> value</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> * <span class="doctag">@return</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"> */</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">private</span> String <span class="title function_">getDicValue</span><span class="params">(String tableName, String fieldName, String value)</span> {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="type">String</span> <span class="variable">dicValue</span> <span class="operator">=</span> <span class="literal">null</span>;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">if</span> (Objects.nonNull(iDicService)) {</span><br><span class="line"> Map<String, String> dicMap = <span class="built_in">this</span>.iDicService.getDicMapFromCatch(tableName, fieldName);</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">if</span> (MapUtils.isNotEmpty(dicMap)) {</span><br><span class="line"> List<String> dicValues = Arrays.stream(value.split(<span class="string">","</span>)).map(s -> {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> Optional.ofNullable(dicMap.get(s)).map(String::valueOf).orElse(<span class="string">""</span>);</span><br><span class="line"> }).collect(Collectors.toList());</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">if</span> (CollectionUtils.isNotEmpty(dicValues)) {</span><br><span class="line"> dicValue = String.join(<span class="string">","</span>, dicValues);</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> dicValue;</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">}</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p></p><h6 id="其它"><a class="anchor" href="#其它">#</a> 其它</h6><blockquote><p>IDicService 是自己的字典缓存服务，利用 tableName 和 fieldName 来定位属性的对应字典名称。请根据自己的业务逻辑进行修改。</p></blockquote><div class="tags"><a href="/tags/jackson/" rel="tag"><i class="ic i-tag"></i> jackson</a> <a href="/tags/%E5%AD%97%E5%85%B8%E8%BD%AC%E6%8D%A2/" rel="tag"><i class="ic i-tag"></i> 字典转换</a></div></div><footer><div class="meta"><span class="item"><span class="icon"><i class="ic i-calendar-check"></i> </span><span class="text">更新于</span> <time title="修改时间：2024-08-21 11:01:53" itemprop="dateModified" datetime="2024-08-21T11:01:53+08:00">2024-08-21</time> </span><span id="2024/08/21/利用jackson对返回数据做字典转换/" class="item leancloud_visitors" data-flag-title="利用 jackson 对返回数据做字典转换" title="阅读次数"><span class="icon"><i class="ic i-eye"></i> </span><span class="text">阅读次数</span> <span class="leancloud-visitors-count"></span> <span class="text">次</span></span></div><div class="reward"><button><i class="ic i-heartbeat"></i> 赞赏</button><p>请我喝[茶]~(￣▽￣)~*</p><div id="qr"><div><img data-src="/images/wechatpay.png" alt="Hito Li 微信支付"><p>微信支付</p></div><div><img data-src="/images/alipay.png" alt="Hito Li 支付宝"><p>支付宝</p></div></div></div><div id="copyright"><ul><li class="author"><strong>本文作者： </strong>Hito Li <i class="ic i-at"><em>@</em></i>涛声依旧</li><li 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